Relaxation oscillation generator



Sept- 22, 1936 K, scHLEslNGER 2,054,882

RELAXATION OSCILLATION GENERATOR Filed sept. 16, 1935 Annu vyv

Patented Sept. 22, 1936 Application September 16,1933, Serial No.' 689,758' Y Y In Germany September 24, 1932 A claims. @r2504-36j When used for scanning in television the relaxation oscillation circuits hitherto known have the'disadvantage that a part of the return line isV clearly Visible onlthe screen, and accordingly interferes with the effect of the image. It is particularly inconvenient that theY visible portion of hthe #return line; aiectslthe imagethe more the ,lower the potential of the relaxation oscillations, which, with a View `to'safety in operation and durability, should be as low as possible. i :The subject matterof the invention is a circuit system,` whichenables the visible portionof the discharge curve to be expelled from the field of image, so `that in the latter, there remains merely the practically invisible hair line e of the curve.

The-invention, will be best understood with `referenceto the accompanying drawing, of which in Fig.l `1 there isV shown a relaxation potential time curve. Fig. 2 shows the area of thezscreen to be scanned line by line, while in Figs. 3 to 5 there arel illustratedv exemplary connection systems according to the invention. l A

`lin-Fig.I 1 there isshown a potential-time curve OfiV a` relaxation oscillation generator, the form of which curve is typical for practically all relaxation oscillation generatorsA with discharge valves, the, current of which is dependent on the height of-thel potential applied.; a vis theascendingV branchof the curve,'andb` the ignition point. .At-b the discharge is Vinitiated in sudden fashion withlarge current intensity and the curve `falls precipitouslyat` an` angle to `the charging curve. The, run of the` discharge is represented by the branch c.Q.The same discloses towards the end of the discharge agreatly diminished rate of` discharge. effect is mostlyl caused bythe potential dependency of the discharge currentin-V tensity, but also take place, for example in connection with arc discharges, owing to reconibin'ation" sluggishness of the are ions. Now whereas theuppergpart ofthe discharge curve e vhardly pro' uceswfa visible effect on the screen, the lower part c, owing tov the reduced rate of 'movement of theimage point, canbe seen quite clearly.A A televisin scanning of this nature with the disturbing return line portion c is illustrated in Fig. 2.

This figure shows as an example the scanned area of an image the scanning beginning at the lower right corner and ending at the upper leftcorner.

According to the invention there is provided between generator and consuming apparatus a transmission element, the reactance of which in `respect to the high frequency occurring in pronounced fashion at the ignition point b of the charging curve (Fig. 1) (which frequency is approximately one hundred times greater than the charging frequency) is less than its reactance c for the charging frequency. :In this manner the invisible part e of the discharge curve passes across, androut of, the field of the image and the disturbing visible ,portion c' is eliminated from theiimage. This part of the return linenow situated outside of the image-may be screened oi without `difficulty by the use of a suitable diaphragrmwithout screening off parts of the image itself. f- Naturally in place of one transmission elementfitis also possible to employ different elements, `of which one'possesses a less reactance for the high frequency.

A general diagram illustrating an embodiment of this nature is shown by way of example in Fig. 3. In the same I is the charging resistance, 2 the condenser for producing the relaxation oscillations, and 3 the glow lamp. Between therelaxation oscillation generator and the consuming apparatus 4 there are Vprovided two transmission elements `5 and 6, of which one possesses a greater conductance forthehigh frequency than for the charging frequency, whilst in respect of the second element the position may be reversed. ,4 ,The element .5 is such that its impedance decreases as the frequency applied across it is increased and the element has an opposite impedance 4frequency characteristic.

A 4A simple form of embodiment of the arrangement according to the invention is shown by way of exampleinFigri.4

The oscillation circuit is 'illustrated by the elements I: 2 and.3. The two frequency-dependent transmission elements, which are connected in parallel, comprise a highly ohmic resistance Suoi approximately .5 megohm and a small condenser 6 of approximately 1.1X104lill. There then resultsin point of fact the form of curve according to Fig. 1, since as regards the low frequencies there takes place a distribution of potential in the ratio of the two ohmic resistances 4 and 5, Whilst as regards the high-frequency components of the ignition phase a potential distribution of this nature is eliminated by the condenser 6. The further course of the discharge curve is determined by the discharge of the small condenser 6 over the resistances 4 and 5. The discharge occurs aperiodically, has approximately the form shown in Fig. 1 (b-e-c') and may be regulated as desired by suitable selection of the time constants of 5, B and 4. In particular, it is possible coincide with the lower edge of the image.Y An additional form of embodiment ofthe in- Vvention isillu'stratedrinY Fig; 5. In this arrange- Y tory, .or mayalso vbe changed into an aperiodic 25 4. and Srepresent merely possible forms of em- VV50 voffsai'd relaxation oscillations than for the low .15 'ment the transmission element is so formed that 1 the transmission of; voltage from the relaxation oscillation generator to the consuming apparatusV liV is Vnot stepped up in respect of low frequency, butv is steppedup inrespectof high frequency. This may 'be accomplished-iin practice by a high-frequency transformer', incase the resistance ofthe consuming apparatus 4 is greater than the resistance inthe discharge circuit 2, 5;'3.

' Y ."The high-frequencyicomponent..thenepassesfoler quency transformer 5, thesecondaryof 'whiclfiisi Y broadly tunedV in the highssfrequency band tozbejV i transferred to the consumer."Y Theforr'n'l ofthe discharge curvediiers only to a little extentfrom With an increase in potential over thev high-,fre-

that shown Yin Fig. 1. Thesame may befoscilla'- -form vwithout'.dificulty; forY example for means-of Y Vdamping'resistancesV Y Naturally'the arrangements according-to Figs.

.bodiment. Itis quitereadily possible,'.'employing the-:masterxdiagram accordingto Fig.'=,.'3, to .set forth other-.equivalent circuits. v C .1 v -f Itis essentialas regards the invention, whilst employingY the V.high frequency portionfof` the sharpVV upper bend 'of the 'dischargecurvel to enf sure lthat the lower roundedbend of the 'discharge curveais veliminatedirom the image.; The most l simpleV means' forl accniplisliingV rthis object -resides. in; the use oflpotential distributors betweenV generator and consuming J- apparatus, which transmit `thehigh frequency components of the upper bend toa better extent than' alllow frequencies, i 1

'l. A. generator vproducing"relaxation'oscilla- Vtions comprising la' unidirectional source of lpo- Y tential,v a charging condenser; av-chargingfre'sist- -1 'Y ance in series-and' a glow Vdischarge device across K said generator', means connected between 4onelt'er'` .said clfiargixlig. condenser, output Y terminals for minal of said Y charging .condenserfand' one out'- put terminal, said Imeans/havingV lessl reacta-nce -w-ithjrespect to the Thigh' Tfre'qut-:ncy components lfrequency components, therr other output terminal being connectedfto the other terminal of said charging condenser. Y ,v u 2. AA- generatorV forproducing relaxation voscil- 'lations comprising a-'unidir'ectional source of pov tentialgfacharging condenser, a charging resistance in series and'aglow'discharge device across Y' V."said charging-condenser, Youtput terminal for said generator, a'flte connectiony comprising ajlow frequency passjflter Vand ay high frequency pass Y filter connected: in parallel to each other, said'fil- Y teconn'ection lbeing lconnected betweenone terlminal Vof said charging condenser and one output 53;, terminal, and' having less reactance withy respect J 2,054,882 `4to maire the'lower bend of the discharge curve to the high frequency components of said relaxa-I tion oscillations than for the low frequency components, the other output terminal being connected to the other terminal of said charging condenser.

3. A generator for producing relaxation oscillations comprising a unidirectional source of potential, a charging condenser, a charging resistance in seriesfand a glow discharge device across said .charging-. condenser, output terminals for said generator, a Aresistance and' a second con- ..denser of substantially 1.1 4 n F in parallel connected between one terminal of said charging .cOndenSer.;andQoneoutput terminal, said means A having less reactance with respect to the high frequency components of said relaxation oscillations *than -for the low frequency components,

ithezotherfoutput terminal being connected to the other terminal of said charging condenser.

I V4. r`A`"generator for producing relaxation oscillations comprising :al unidirectional source of .potentialf a chargingicondenser, 1a.'. charging. resist- .an'ceainy seriesand av glow discharge-.device across said rchargingrcondenser, output terminals for said generator, -,a.;highzfreque`ncy transformer connected Abetween one. terminal of said charging condenser and one outputterminal; thelprimary Windingof. Ysaidtransformer being-.connected in Vseries 'v'vithVr said; secondary winding, :to Vthefends of said windings?connectedewithv each othe'ribeing connected tothe-oneelectrode of said glow discharge vtub'e,.;the other electrode of .said glow-disg Acharge device and the vother-output'y 'terminal' bein'gjconnected toythe other terminal ofsaid charging='conde'r1sei',` said'cprimary winding not said transformer being .so` dimensioned. with vrespect tofsai'd .secondary lwinding as to cause less reactance with-respect tothe high frequency-components'of1said'frelaxation oscillations than for the low frequency components.

-f .5.: A generator -forproducing relaxation oscillations comprising a unidirectionalfs'ource off-potential, a charging condenser, a chargingre'si'stancerin series and-a glow discharge Adevice across sa'i'd charging'l condenser, output termina-1s for said fgeneratonf a `high Vfrequency transformer connectedv between one', terminal ofzsaidv 'charging4 condenser and oneoutput terminal, the primarywi'iiding of 'said transformerl beingconnect'- edin seriesfwith said secondary-Winding, tothe ends of Y said windingsconnectedV withv each' other beingconnected to the one electrodefof Said glow discharge tube, fthe otherelectrode-of'said glow discharge'device andthe other outputh'terminal being connected `to `the otlrier terminal Vof 'said charging condensensa'idprimary windngofsaid transformer being so dimensionecl withAv respect to Ysaidfsecoiidarywin'dingas toY cause'less reactance with'V respectl to the high Vfrequency Vcomponents of. saidfrelaxationA oscillationsthan' for the low frequency components, said "secondary winding being broadly ytuned in fthe high frequency'components` band by 'its Vnatural, capacities'.,` 

